摘要：目的 通過對40年間住我院飛行人員耳氣壓傷資料分析,了解耳氣壓傷的發(fā)病情況,并進一步探討其臨床診治和醫(yī)學鑒定. 方法 對1967年8月-2007年7月住我院的235例(375耳)耳氣壓傷飛行人員的資料進行分析:①統計患病年齡、住院年代、飛行機種、飛行職務和飛行時間等與飛行結論 的關系;②按原發(fā)性耳氣壓傷(由咽鼓管周圍鼻咽科疾病所致)和繼發(fā)性耳氣壓傷(由咽鼓管本身疾病所致)進行分類,并統計其療效和飛行結論 的關系. 結果 ①耳氣壓傷在35歲以下占77.0%;在1997年8月-2007年7月僅占14.0%;殲擊機飛行員占43.0%,飛行員占70.6%;飛行時間少于1000 h的占51.3%.②繼發(fā)性耳氣壓傷治愈率68.9%(164耳/238耳)、停飛率11.2%(18例/160例),原發(fā)性耳氣壓傷治愈率29.2%(40耳/137耳)、停飛率57.3%(43例/75例),差異均有統計學意義(x2=53.8、73.5,P＜0.01). 結論 飛行人員耳氣壓傷常見,近10年耳氣壓傷的發(fā)生率呈下降趨勢,多發(fā)生于年輕的殲擊機飛行員,且繼發(fā)性耳氣壓傷治愈率高于原發(fā)性,停飛率低于原發(fā)性耳氣壓傷. Abstract： Objective To summarize the clinical diagnosis, treatment and medical evaluation of barotraumas of ear (BE) by analyzing the inpatients' medical data in past 40 years. Methods The BE cases of 375 ears from 235 aircrews who were hospitalized from August of 1967 to July of 2007,hospitalization, duty, as well as the served aircraft type and flying hours, was respectively analyzed.(induced by the diseases of Eustachian tube itself) were classified and their curative effects were also was younger than 35 yrs. Only 14.0% BE occurred during the period from August of 1997 to July of 2007. In all BE cases, pilots took 70. 6% and the pilots with the flying hours less than 1000 h accounted for 51.3%. 43.0% (101 out of 235) fighter pilots appeared BE and 32.7% of them were permanently grounded, and this percentage was significantly higher than that on other types of aircraft caused 11.2%